Explicit Teaching of Strategies

       Explicit teaching is ACTIVE TEACHING. That is the teacher has a definite outcome to achieve and a purpose. When we teach a strategy we are teaching for a purpose; to instruct the students so they will then be able to become more independent when they read or write and they do it well!

Taylor et al. (1995) identify six steps for explicit instruction that move students to independence and internalization of the strategy and away from a teacher's intervention.

  1. The teacher explains what the strategy includes. For example, how to ask open-ended questions.
  2. The teacher explains why this strategy is important. (So that students move beyond the written word and can begin to discuss issues and questions allow deeper meanings to be brought to the foreground.)
  3. The teacher models how to perform the strategy in a context that is meaningful and connected to what the class is presently working on. (questions are asked every time you find your mind wandering or to make inferences, or predictions..etc.)
  4. The teacher explains when to use the strategy and also models how to use it in another situation.
  5. The teacher then follows up the teaching with guided practice activities where students work through several examples of the strategy together gradually releasing responsibility to the student. The teacher guides them through this by correcting any misconceptions as they go along.
  6. The teacher reminds the students to make good use of the strategy and to choose to use it often. The teacher watches for the use of this strategy when students works independently. Praise those who you spot using it.
 
 

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Based on Jeffrey D. Wilhelm's model.(Tanya N.Baker Julie Dube)  Strategic Reading;Guiding Students to Lifelong Literacy, Boynton/Cook Publishers, Portsmouth, NH.p12